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  • LiangQuan Ge, JianKun Zhao, QingXian Zhang, YaoYao Luo, Yi Gu. 2018: Mapping of the lunar surface by average atomic number based on positron annihilation radiation from Chang’e-1. Earth and Planetary Physics, 2(3): 238-246. DOI: 10.26464/epp2018023
    Citation: LiangQuan Ge, JianKun Zhao, QingXian Zhang, YaoYao Luo, Yi Gu. 2018: Mapping of the lunar surface by average atomic number based on positron annihilation radiation from Chang’e-1. Earth and Planetary Physics, 2(3): 238-246. DOI: 10.26464/epp2018023
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Mapping of the lunar surface by average atomic number based on positron annihilation radiation from Chang’e-1

  • A map of the average atomic number of lunar rock and soil can be used to differentiate lithology and soil type on the lunar surface. This paper establishes a linear relationship between the average atomic number of lunar rock or soil and the flux of position annihilation radiation (0.512-MeV gamma-ray) from the lunar surface. The relationship is confirmed by Monte Carlo simulation with data from lunar rock or soil samples collected by Luna (Russia) and Apollo (USA) missions. A map of the average atomic number of the lunar rock and soil on the lunar surface has been derived from the Gamma-Ray Spectrometer data collected by Chang’e-1, an unmanned Chinese lunar-orbiting spacecraft. In the map, the higher average atomic numbers (ZA > 12.5), which are related to different types of basalt, are in the maria region; the highest ZA (13.2) readings are associated with Sinus Aestuum. The middle ZA (~12.1) regions, in the shape of irregular oval rings, are in West Oceanus Procellarum and Mare Frigoris, which seems to be consistent with the distribution of potassium, rare earth elements, and phosphorus as a unique feature on the lunar surface. The lower average atomic numbers (ZA < 11.5) are found to be correlated with the anorthosite on the far side of the Moon.

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